The preschool period is a critical process where children develop rapidly and discover the world and themselves. Although the aggressive tendencies exhibited during this period are considered a developmental stage, it is a subject that needs to be examined in depth when their intensity and severity increase. The master's thesis completed by Hande Kutlu in 2014 offers an informative perspective on the psychological reasons for these behaviors observed in preschool children within the framework of a psychoanalytic approach.

This qualitative study was conducted with 5 children from the 5-year-old age group attending private schools and their families. The data collection process was enriched with methods such as semi-structured family interviews, child observations, and drawing activities. The research focuses on making sense of the psychological dynamics underlying the physical and verbal aggression tendencies, such as hitting, pushing, and shouting, exhibited by children.

The findings of the research show that children's aggression and anger outbursts stem from the inability of Oedipal period conflicts to progress in a constructive manner. These children expect their desires to be gratified immediately and show a very low tolerance for frustration. The disappearance of the generational difference in the family and the inclusion of children in adult decisions lead to the continuation of their omnipotence fantasies. This situation increases the child's search for boundaries, which can cause them to exhibit uncontrolled and destructive behaviors.

The study also draws attention to the effect of parental attitudes on aggression. The mother establishing an engulfing or seductive relationship with her child, and the father not adequately assuming his role as a lawmaker, prevent the child from establishing healthy identifications. This situation leads to an accumulation of internal insecurity and anger in the child, and this accumulation is expressed through physical violence.

The research emphasizes the importance of early childhood experiences in child development. The inadequacy of mothers' containing functions, that is, their inability to understand and transform the child's emotional overflows, stands out as a fundamental element underlying aggression. Similarly, the father's dysfunctional position makes it difficult for the child to individuate in a healthy way and adapt to social rules.

In light of these findings, some basic recommendations are presented for parents. Clear boundaries should be set for children, and a firm stance should be maintained within these boundaries. A consistent understanding of discipline ensures that the child feels safe. Space should be created for children to express their emotions, such as anger and disappointment, and an effort should be made to understand the needs underlying these emotions. Finally, parents should be informed about child psychology and developmental stages, and they should not hesitate to seek professional support when needed.

Aggression is the outward reflection of a problem in the child's psychological world. We thank Hande Kutlu for providing valuable guidance for parents and experts with this important research. The full thesis can be accessed via www.tez.yok.gov.tr using the code 370351.